English Studies- 10

English Studies

Grade 10

9/6/20

INFORMAL LETTER

Remember that an informal letter is a friendly letter. It is the type written to family members and friends. Each style is internet. It allows the use of slang expressions, contractions, and even jokes. The informal letter uses the conversational style. You are expected to write using the same friendly and familiar words as you will use when interacting with the recipient one on one. e.g

Question: write a letter to your friend who just lost his/her grandmother, consoling him/her for the loss.

POBox 027,

Abakpa-Nike,

Enugu.

9th June, 2020.

Dearest Lily,

      The news the death of your granny through everybody in my household into gloom. I didn't know that snake bite could be that deadly and I still find it very difficult to believe that mama is no more. 

     I can't forget the wonderful moments we had together. Each time I came visiting you in your house, she would always give me something to eat. I remember the day she gave me a chicken lap which your dad bought for her on his way back from work.  I must say that I am privileged to know her. I learnt a lot from the stories she told us and the pieces of advice she always offered. Mama was such a nice woman. So jovial and loving. Kai! We will all miss her.

     Please don't hesitate to inform us about the burial date, though we may visit you guys before then. My dad is working on his schedule to create time so that we can visit you soon.

     Our prayers are with you. Send my heart regards to everyone, especially Chuchu.

Yours ever,

Micky

ASSIGNMENT

Write your own letter on the same subject.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies -9

English Studies

Grade 9

8/6/20

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct speech refers to report made using the exact words of a speaker and is usually written in quotation marks while an indirect speech is a speech made in the repoter's own words. e.g

DIRECT SPEECH

1.) "What are you doing", asked Jane.

2.)  "Get out of my presence", my father commanded.

3.) "Give me a cup of water", my mother requested.

4.) "We came back yesterday", Andrew told us.

5.) "I am very hungry", Uju complained.

INDIRECT SPEECH

1.) Jane asked me what I was doing.

2.) My father commanded me to get out of his presence.

3.) My mother requested me to get her a cup of water.

4.) Andrew told us that they came back the previous day.

5.) Uju complained that she was very hungry.

ASSIGNMENT

Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. 

Mrs Abe, a banker was late in picking up her son, Lana from school yesterday afternoon. When she got to the school compound, she found Lana playing with his friend - Gbolohan. "Lana, I'm here." Then she apologized. 'I'm so sorry for coming late. I he ahad a flat tire and the traffic was unusually heavy. Have you had lunch? I'll buy you lunch at KFC."

Lana told her that he had not had lunch. And she apologized again. She offered to buy him lunch at KFC. She always buys him lunch anytime she's late in picking him up. She promised not to be late again.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - 8

English Studies

Grade 8

8/6/20

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE AND FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Future Perfect Tensef a verb used to express a future action or condition that will start and stop before another begins. It is formed by using "will have" or "shall have" with the past participle of the main verb.

1.) By the end of June, we will have stayed at home for three months.

2.) By the time you finish reading this note, you will have learnt another type of tense.

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

This the form of a verb used to say that an action will occur in the future and continue for an expected length of time. It is formed by "will be" plus the progressive form of the main verb. e.g

1.) I will be travelling to the village in two days' time.

2.) They will be meeting this evening.

3.) We will be going on an excursion by weekend.

ASSIGNMENT

In your own sentences, write two examples of future perfect tense and three examples of future continuous tense.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies -Grade 7

English Studies

Grade 7

8/6/20

POETRY

Poetry is an aspect of literature that deals with poems. In other words it is the collection of poems. poetry is divided into oral poetry and written poetry.

ORAL POETRY is a formo poetry involved chanting songs on different occasions. e.g. Dirge, war songs and songs sung during celebrations. They were only sung in native languages. e.g

1.) Nzogbu nzogbu

Enyi mba enyi

Nzogbu

Enyi mba enyi

2.) Nne nne

udu m araputa m ooo udu

Nne nne

Udu m araputa m ooo

Udu m ju chuo mmiri na mu amaghi n'udu away

Usual

isi m naba, k'obu Kam soro udu naba

Udu.

WRITTEN POETRY on the other hand means poems written in books and are usually recited in schools. Most of them were originally oral but later written down while a majority of them were originally written. e g 

Who sat and watched my infant head

While sleeping on my cradle bed

And tear of sweet affection shedA

My mother.

When pain and sickness made me cry

Who guessed upon my heavy eyes

And wept for fear that I could die

My mother.

ASSIGNMENT

Write a short poem of your own. - choose from any of the following titles: my mother, my life, the dry season, Christmas day, child labour, God.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - 5

English Studies

Grade 5

8/6/20

REPORTED SPEECH

A reported speech, otherwise known as indirect speech, is the opposite of direct speech. It means a report made in the repoter's own words rather than the exact words of the original speaker. 

Rules for reported speech

1.) Simple present tense changes to simple past tense. e.g

> They are on their way changes to

* He/She said that they WERE on their way.

> Junior likes cheese balls  changes to

* He/ she said that Junior liked cheese balls.

2.) The pronoun I changes to "HE or SHE. e.g

> I baked the bread changes to

* She/He said that he BAKED the bread.

> I don't know where it changes to 

* She/He said he DIDN'T know where it WAS.

3.) We changes to they and 'us' changes to 'them'. e.g

> We will certainly visit Grandma changes to "They said that THEY WOULD certainly visit Grandma.

4.) Tomorrow changes to the following day while yesterday changes to ''he day before". e.g

> I will can't go there tomorrow changes to ''She/He said that SHE/HE COULDN'T go there THE FOLLOWING DAY.

ASSIGNMENT

Change the following sentences to reported speech.

1.) Zynab told us "I'm going to dinner tonight."

2.) I promise to bake chocolate cake for you tomorrow.

3.) Opa and Amina said "We like the new teacher."

4.) Theodore said "I swept the compound alone."

5.) Jumaima said to us "I can't go to Jimmy's birthday party."

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 4

English Studies

Grade 4

8/5/20

CONJUNCTION

A conjunction is a word that joins words or groups of words. Examples of conjunctions: - and, unless, although, until, or, after, either...or, neither...nor, etc. A conjunction makes clear the relationship between parts of a sentence. Examples

1A.) I bought a bunch of bananas.

1B.) I bought four apples.

Use AND to join sentence A and sentence B. It will read - I but a bunch of bananas AND four apples.

MORE EXAMPLES

2.)  Miriam cooked beans BUT did not eat it.

3.) She did not eat the beans BECAUSE she doesn't like beans.

4.) I hardly had my bath AFTER my mother said that we would go to shoprite.

5.) She gave me Pepsi SO I could teach her math.

ASSIGNMENT

Use a suitable conjunction to complete each of the following sentences.

1.) We cooked early --- we could watch the program.

2.) I went to her house --- found no one at home.

3.) Ken fetched water --- cleaned the kitchen.

4.) She apologized to her form teacher --- after the senior prefect admonished her.

5.) --- Bob nor Kally attended English class this morning.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - 10

English Studies

Grade 10

4/6/20

Irregular Verb

An irregular Verb is that which does not comform to the rules of the of adding d or ed to the present form or a verb to form its past form of participle form. The following are examples of irregular verbs

fall  fell  fallen

write  wrote  written

fly flew  flown

burst burst burst

ASSIGNMENT

Correct the errors in the sentences below.

1.) I have drank water.

2.) Has she ate?

3.) Have you showed them your new kit?

4.) She swimmed with us.

5.) The glass prison breaked.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies -9

English Studies

Grade 9

4/6/20

Argumentative Essay

Study the sample essay below and answer the question that follows.

Motion: Education in Nigeria should be free at all levels.

1st speakee (proposing)

Good day Mr moderator

Panel of judges

Accurate time keeper

My Co-debaters

Ladies and Gentlemen

I stand here to propose the motion: Education in Nigeria should be free at all levels. According to the Oxford advanced learner's dictionary, education is a process of teaching,  training, and learning especially in schools and colleges to improve and develop skills. 

From the above definition, we find that education is very important and as such every Nigerian child needs it. They need it because it will help them to acquire wisdom and skills that will enable them to be confident and financially stable in the future. this will go a long way in reducing corruption.

Moreover, education helps the masses generally to be properly informed. When a person is informed he will be able to differentiate between the dos and don'ts of a society. That way, he stays away from trouble so that the prisons and police cells are less crowded.

Presently many Nigerian youths who are able-bodied and intelligent roam the streets because they come from poor homes that cannot train them in school. They are jobless because they are not employable. They are not employable because they don't have basic education. If such people are educated they will not only be useful to themselves but to their communities and the government at large. 

Ladies and gentlemen because our society will be wonderful if it is free from corrupt minded people and jobless youths who are desperate to get daily meals, it is very necessary that education is made free for all in Nigeria. Thank you.

ASSIGNMENT

Using at least three points write for or against the motion: Education in Nigeria should be free at all levels.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - 8

English Studies

Grade 8

4/6/20

RHYTHM

Rhythm means a regular repeated pattern of sounds of or beats. E.g 

Poem 1

A little frog- a little frog

A happy little frog

It has no teeth it has no tail

But shout so loud

Ugagaga Ugagaga

Ugaligali gaa

Ugagaga Ugagaga

Ugaligali gaa.

Poem 2

I know a funny little man as quiet as a mouse.

Who does the mischief that is done in everybody house.

There is no one ever seen his face and yet we all agree

That every plate we break is cracked by Mr nobody.

Rhyming scheme

The letters of the alphabet are used to describe rhyming scheme. Only the last word of each line is considered. Beginning with letter a the words that sound alike and given a name which is a letter. e.g. The rhyming scheme of the second poem is as follows

.....mouse - a

.....house - a

.....agree - b

..... nobody - c

ASSIGNMENT

Write your own poem and explain designing School.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - 7

English Studies

Grade 7

4/6/20

CREATIVE WRITING

Creative writing requires high-level of imagination. The writer creates a story out of his own imagination and invents characters. He organises the events of the story to make it seem real.

Study the sample below.

A creeper in the house.

I woke up with a start wondering what it could be. I had goosebumps as I felt a soft smooth cold creeping movement near my right leg.

       I did not know where I was at first. There was a power outage so everywhere was dark. I groped for my phone while trying to keep my legs still. I flashed the torchlight quickly and what I done made me scream.

       A smooth black snake had crept past me and was heading for the back of the plasma television on the wall. My screen made it to drop on the floor and raising its Flathead and child at me. I started crawling backwards hoping to find something with which I can defend myself. my eyes never left it and it started creeping towards me. My back met the wall and I started to move my legs. I was afraid to scream again. Just then, Jude my elder brother tiptoed into my room with a club in hand. He's coming in coincided with restoration of power and the reptile became distracted.

       In what seemed like a flash, my brother dashed further into the room and struck with every strength in him smashing the head of the reptile against the floor. The slithering of the headless snake made me to scream again but Jude handled it. He reached for the matchete I usually kept beside my bed and cut off the tail after pinning it down with the club.

ASSIGNMENT

Study the sample above and write your own essay on experience you had and the past was scary. Remember you are expected to create a story that will seem real.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 5

English Studies

Grade 5

4/6/20

Guided Speech Making

A speech is a formal talk a person gives to an audience. e.g An address of welcome presented in an official gathering.

FORMAT OF A SPEECH

> The opening greeting e.g.

The chairman of the occasion

The proprietor and proprietress of Unique kids Academy

The parents of the day

Special guests of honour

The staff and management of unique kids Academy

The graduating pupils

Ladies and Gentlemen

> The purpose of the speech. e.g

I am indeed very glad to stand before you to speak on the sensitive issue of prep. 

> The closing.

SAMPLE ESSAY

A speech presented by Obinna Oguike, a Grade 5 student on this occasion of Annual Prize giving ceremony this 4th day of June 2020.

The chairman of the occasion

The proprietor and proprietress of Unique kids Academy

The parents of the day

Special guests of honour

The staff and management of unique kids Academy

The graduating pupils

Ladies and Gentlemen

I am so ndeed very glad for the honour given to me to speak to you on this sensitive topic - prep. Prep as used in schools refers to preparatory classes observed by students after school hours. Prep time is very important to every student. This is because it is a period when students have a chance to revise what they are taught during school hours.

There is no doubt that a student who revises his lessons after school performs well during tests and exams. It therefore means that students who do not observe prep may not perform as excellently as they would have if they do. 

Moreover, some students don't comprehend lessons very well during classes.  They seem to  understand it better when they have a quiet time to read it over again. While some learn better when their fellow students explain it to them. This way, Both the wicked student and the smarter one who gives assistance benefit. 

Evidently, 99% of the award winners today are those who religiously embraced the prep time and made judicious use of it.

In conclusion, I appeal to our beloved parents to create prep time for us after school everyday. I am making this appeal because some parents see those of us that study after school as lazy. They think that will do it in order to avoid assisting them at home.

Thank you so much and God bless you.

ASSIGNMENT

Study the sample essay and write your own speech on the same topic.

Good luck!

Clara O.

Studies - Grade 4

English Studies

Grade 4

4/6/20

USING SIMPLE ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS IN S

You already know that an adjective describes a noun or a pronoun. What it means is that you identify an adjective in a sentence by finding out the function it performs in the sentence. e.g

1.) The OLD man fainted after standing in the sun for a while.

2.) I warned Chima to dispose of the ROTTEN eggs.

3.) I bought SIX apples.

4.) Is it true that she is INSINCERE?

An adverb modifies a verb. eg 

1.) Hold those egss CAREFULLY.

2.) She walks GRACEFULLY.

3.) We travel WEEKLY

4.) They sang MELODIOUSLY.

NOTE: carefully explains how the eggs should be held. In other words, it describes HOLD.

> Gracefully describes WALKS.

> Weekly describes TRAVEL.

> Melodiously describes SANG.

ASSIGNMENT

Identify all the adjectives and adverbs in the sentences that follow.

1.) I prefer green apples to red apples.

2.) He needs someone to buy litmus paper for him.

3.) Am I to drink it hourly?

4.) If you are caught, you'll be severely punished.

5.) Put it in the waste bin.

Good luck!

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 8

English Studies

Grade 8

28/5/20

Composition

Descriptive essay

Study the sample essay below.   

Saturday, 25th April, 2020 was the second time I went to Abakpa Market. It is situated at the heart of Abakpa, about twenty meters from the overhead bridge along the Enugu-Onitsha Express way.

The was very busy and noisy. Shops were crowded and street vendors displayed their goods on the streets without minding how inconvenient it was for buyers to move in the market. The narrow streets were managed by pedestrians, rickshaw riders and Barrow pushers as well. It was indeed terrible. 

Vendors of wears and herbal medicines shouted on top of their voices to draw the attention of buyers. Grocery stores were crowded by women who seemed in so much hurry that each of them wanted to be the first to be attended to. Stationery stores were less crowded. As I walked into one of them to buy some recommended literature texts, I saw a few youths haggling for prices to be reduced for them. 

As I stood by the road side waiting to board a rickshaw that would take me home, I saw few bus drivers and conductors struggling over passengers, some of whom felt embarrassed. It was really craz. I rushed to the other side of the road and hurried into a rickshaw because I didn't want to be dragged by drivers like a displayed commodity. As I headed home that day, I vowed that I would not go to the Abakpa Market again.

Assignment

Write an essay about your local market.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 7

English Studies

Grade 7

28/5/20

READING FOR FACTS

Note: A fact is a statement that is true. In other words, it means a statement that can be verified. Now read the following passage and identify the facts in it.

Family, a group of persons united by the ties of marriage, blood, or adoption, constitutinga single household and interacting with each other in their respective social positions, usually those of spouses, parents, children, and siblings. The family group should be distinguished from a household, which may include boarders and roomers sharing a common residence. It should also be differentiated from a kindred (which also concerns blood lines), because a kindred may be divided into several households. Frequently the family is not differentiated from the marriage pair, but the essence of the family group is the parent-child relationship, which may be absent from many marriage pairs.

Assignment

Write at least five facts about the family.

Good luck!

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 5

English Studies

Grade 5

28/5/20

Sentence pattern/preposition

Sentence pattern refers to the arrangement of words in a sentence using grammatically correct structure.

> SV: This means subject+verb. e.g

1.) Tina streamed.

2.) I sneezed.

> SVO: This mean subject+verb+object. e.g

1.) Rita cooked yam.

2.) Ebube climbed the tree.

> SVC: This means subject+verb+complement.

Note: A complement is a word that adds extra feature to someone or something in order to improve their quality. Examples of SVC sentences

1.) Oliva is handsome.

2.) My grand mother is kind.

3.) Ebube is a nurse.

Assignment:

What is the pattern of the sentences below? e.g

> I painted the picture. - SVO

Now do the following

1.) She touched me.

2.) Snakes hiss.

3.) My dad is a chief.

4.) Emenike killed two flies.

5.) Children love cartoons.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 4

English Studies

Grade 4

28/5/20

Active and passive sentences

An active sentence(voice) is one in which the subject performs the action of the verb. e.g

1.) Anulika flogged Ifeoma.

2.) Tobe pushed me.

3.) Nnedi mopped the sitting room.

4.) Nkem is sharing chin-chin.

5.) I ate the remaining chicken.

A passive sentence(voice) is one in which the action of the verb acts upon the subject. e.g

1.) Ifeoma was flogged by Anulika.

2.) I was punished by Tobe.

3.) The sitting room was mopped by Nnedi.

4.) Chin-chin is being shared by Nkem.

5.) The remaining chicken was eaten by me.

Assignment:

Change the following active sentences to passive sentences. 

1.) 1.Tteacher flogged Uju for making a noise in the class.

2.) Ekene wrote this composition.

3.) The fisherman caught a lot of fishes yesterday.

4.) Two girls from my class swept the assembly ground.

5.) Kamdi took my ruler by mistake.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 9

English Studies
Grade 9
25/5/20

Reading to answer specific questions
Note: You already know that the first step you take when you are faced with the task of reading a comprehension passage is to read the comprehension questions. This will help you to find answers to the questions very easily as you read.

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

A drug is any chemical substance order than food which is intended to affect the structure and function of the body. Any drug can ba harmful if taken in a dose not prescribed or taken too frequently for unjustified reasons.

Drug use refers to the taking of medication for an intended purpose in an appropriate amount, frequency, strength and proper manner. It has been discovered, however, that many people divert the use of drugs from the original purpose for which drugs were meant. Drugs can be used for various reasons. They can be used to relieve pain after injury or during illness, to relieve insomnia(lack of sleep), therefore, to induce sleep. Many drugs are used to treat ailments or diseases. Drugs can also stimulate organs or body functions, calm mental patients(e.g tranquilizers), as well as treat or calm epileptic seizures.

Drug misuse is the practice of using drugs for pleasure rather than for medical reasons. It is the use of drugs without medically valid prescriptions. Even when drugs are prescribed they may be misused if not taken in the right quantity, and for the correct length of time.

Drug abuse is the indescriminate, delibrate, excessive and persistent intake of chemical substances for purposes other than medical in a manner that can have a detrimental effect on the drug takers mental, physical, social or emotional health.

Drug addiction is the continuing, uncontrolled, compulsive use of a drug, not only to induce intoxication but to escape the torture of its withdrawal. An altered state of  bodily function is established and when the drug is withdrawn, distressing symptoms set in. There is physical (organic and systemic) dependence - a condition in which the user has a compelling desire to continue taking the drugs either to experience its effect or to avoid the discomfort of it's absence.

QUESTIONS
1. According to the passage, drugs can be used for the following except
A insomnia
B stimulating of organ function
C relieving pain
D increasing anger

2. According to the passage, when drugs are unselectively, intentionally and unreasonably used, then this is a case of
A drug misuse.
B drug use
C drug abuse
D drug infuse

3. Using drugs for enjoyment is also known as
A drug abuse
B drug misuse
C drug use
D valid prescription.

4. Drug that makes people to relax is called
A epileptic seizure
B tranquilizer
C tantaliser
D medication
5. From the passage, a person who irresponsibly takes drugs is a
A drug addict
B drug abuser
C drug user
D drug misuse

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 8

English Studies
Grade 8
25/5/20

Reading to asnwer specific questions

Attention: Always read the questions before reading the passage. This will enable you to know what you are reading for.

Read the following comprehension  passage and answer the questions that follow.

THE VOYAGE

I was tired out when, a little before daylight, the ship was ready to sail. Even if I had been twice as tired, I would not have gone to bed; it was all so new and interesting to me - the quick commands, the sound of the whistle, the men running to their places in the weak light of the ship'' lamps.

Now, Barbecue, let's have a song, cried one voice.

The old one, cried another. Here you are, said Long John, who was standing by, with his crutch, and at once began the words I knew so well: fifteen men on the dead man's chest...and the whole crew joined in: yo - ho - ho, and a bottle of rum!.

Soon the sails began to fill, and the land and the other ships started to slip by on either sides. And before I could lie down to get an hour of sleep, the Hispaniola had begun her voyage to the Island of Treasure.

I am not going to describe that voyage. The ship was a good ship, the crew were good seamen, and the captain thoroughly understood his business. But before we came to Treasure Island, two or three things had happened Which I must mention.

Mr Arrow turned out worse than the captain had feared. After a day or two at sea, he began to appear with wondering eyes, red cheeks, a foolish tongue, and other marks of having drunk too much. I dark night with a rough sea, he disappeared entirely and was seen no more.

Gone! said he captain. Well, gentlemen, that saved us trouble. But there we were without an officer to do his work. Job Anderson was the best of the seamen on board. Mr Trelawney had been a ship's officer, and his knowledge made him very useful. And Israel Hands was a careful, old, experienced seaman, who was a great friend of Long John silver and so the mention of his name leads to speak of Silver, our ship's cook(Barbecue, as the men called him).

He's no common man, Barbecue, said Israel Hands to me. He had good schooling in his young days, and can speak like a book. A brave - a lion's nothing beside Long John! I've seen him fight four men and knocked their heads together - him unarmed.

All the crew respected and even obeyed him. He had a way of talking to everyone and helping everyone. To me he was very kind and was always glad to see me in his kitchen, which he kept beautifully clean, his dishes hanging up polished and his parrot in a cage in one corner.

Come in, Hawkins, he used to say. Come and have a talk with John. Nobody more welcome than yourself, my son. Sit down and hear the news. Here's Cap'Flint - I call my parrot Cap'Flint, atfer the famous pirate. Here's Cap'Flint saying that our voyage will be successful.

QUESTIONS
1.)Who is nicknamed Barbecue in the story?
2.) Who is described as having a foolish tongue in the story?
3.) Where did the Hispaniola set out for?
4.) What is the writer's name?
5.) Who nicknamed his parrot Captain Flint?


     

English Studies - Grade 7

English Studies
Grade 7
25/5/20

The Past Tense: This is the form of a verb that is used to say that something happened at a time in the past.

Regular verbs and their past form
Cook > cooked
Want > wanted
Pass > passed
Wash > washed
Walk > walked
Need > needed
Measure > measured

Irregular verbs and their past form
Go > went
Am > was
Blow > blew
Bring > brought
Cost > cost
Freeze > froze
Feed > fed.

Sentences:
1A. I can cook indomie.
1B. I cooked indomie.
2A. I need to sleep.
2B. I needed to sleep.
3A. Please buy gala for me.
3B. She brought gala for me.
4A. Should I freeze the cream?
4B. I froze the cream.

Assignment: Find the past tense of the following verbs and make a sentence with each of them:- meet, ride, shine, shut, swing.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 4

English Studies
Grade 4
25/5/20


Oral composition on self and family
Study the sample essays below do the exercises that follow.

My name is...... I am nine years old and a Grade 4 pupil of Unique Kids Academy.

I love listening to and telling stories. This has made me to read a lot of kids' story books.  I exhibit my story telling skill more in the school bus especially in the afternoon when we go home from school. My fellow pupils and even the school bus driver and the bus attendant enjoy my stories a lot and that has made them to always look for me whenever I am delayed either by the last lesson or class duty.

When I go home from school in the evening, I usually start my chores before my siblings. This a trick I use to make my mother believe that I am very dutiful. But I always abondon the chores halfway when I notice that is not monitoring me. I sneak into my father's study to read. No one looks for me there and my father is hardly at home on weekdays.

However, I don't avoid washing plates and clothes on rainy days. I enjoy playing in the rain, so I take the things to be washed outside. I do it especially on days my parents are not at home. On such days, I help my siblings with whatever chore that can be done in the rain.

Weekends are usually not fantastic because my father will be home and his study is not safe for me.


Assignment:
Write a composition about yourself.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Test - Grade 7

Test on English
Grade 7
25/5/20

Underline only the noun(s) that is/are  subject.
1. Lucy does not like mangoes.
2. Clara and Esther rejected the gifts.

Highlight the determiners in the sentences that follow.
3. He hasn't bought the ludo yet.
4. The Senior Predect and another senior student came and took the bell.

Highlight the Noun phrase(s) in each of the sentences that follow
5. We visited the motherless babies home yesterday.
6. All the junior student participated in the experiment.

Indicate the figure of speech used in each of the following sentences.
7. His conscience actually flogged him.
8. Dozie speaks like Father Ray.
9. It was your  mp that woke Chizara.
10. The old man we saw on our way to the stream is a real skeleton.

Good luck!

Clara O

English Test - Grade 5

Test on English
Grade 5
25/5/20

Rewrite the following sentences, replacing the highlighted words with appropriate synonyms.

1. The little boy GLANCED fearfully at the masquerade.
2. Talking in the library is PROHIBITED.

A word can be norminalized by either adding
3. - or
4 -
5. The process of changing a verb to a noun is called - .

Fill the blanks with the suitable personal pronoun.
6. Sandra and Ken brought these seats. Leave - for - .
7. The first time I saw Jessica in the market, - was hawking.

Fill in the blanks with appreciate reflexive pronouns.
8. You distracted - . Don't blame it on someone else.
9. I'm not surprised that you injured - .
10. We defended - before the principal.

Good luck!
Clara O.

English Test - Grade 4

Test on English
Grade 4
25/5/20

Assign the appropriate punctuation mark to each of the following statements.
1. Oops I almost missed it.
2. Has she not returned yet
3. The children in the hall are twelve in number

Fill the blanks with appreciate collective nouns.
4. The stanger ran into the church and disappeared into the - of worshipers.
5. This is a beautiful - of puppies you've got here.

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate home of the animals mentioned.
6. Three chicks fell off the - before their mother returned.
7. Daniel was thrown into the lion's - .
Put the appropriate apostrophe where necessary.
8. Police has arrested Uche Uncle.
9. I cant go out now. Its raining.
10. What is the plural of ferry?

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Scheme of work for Grade 5

English Scheme of work for Grade 5

1. Aural discrimination of vowels, consonant and diphthongs.
2. Guide speech making.
3. Listening comprehension-interpretation posters and chats meaning and importance of consumer education.
4. Indefinite expressions/mono, bio and poly syllabic words with appropriate stress and information.
5. Speaking at interviews.
6. Finding words in the dictionary.
7. Mid term test/break
8. Review of verb forms.
9. Simile and metaphor/direct and indirect speech.
10. Revision.

GRAMMAR

1. Sentence patterns/preposition.

2. Reported speech.

3. Present perfect tense.

4. Gerund.

5. Conjunction

6. Gender (masculine, feminine, neutral) reported questions.

7. Mid term test

8. Synonyms/present continuous tense. 

9. Past perfect tense.

10. Future continuous tense

English Scheme of work for Grade 4

English Scheme of work for Grade 4

1. Oral composition on "self" and "family"
2. Using simple adjectives and adverbs in speech and in writing
3. Arranging list of words in alphabetical order
4. Direct and indirect speech
5. Active and passive sentences
6. Using present perfect tense and past perfect tense in sentences
7. Midterm test/ break
8. Comparing objects and people using - same as
9. Expressing consequences or cause andbeffect using the phrase - so that
10. Revision


GRAMMAR

1. Active and passive sentences
2. Conjunction.
3. Present perfect tense.
4. Past perfect and past perfect continuous tense.
5. Adverbs to adjectives.
6. Future tenses.
7. Mid term test.
8. Using 'so that'in sentences.
9. Direct and indirect speech.
10. Interrogative and indefinite Pronoun.

English Scheme of work for Grade 9

English Scheme of work
Grade 9

1. Reading to answer specific questions/reading of selected poems of BECE.
2. Argumentative essay.
3. Reading to answer specific questions/reading selected poems.
4. Idioms and idiomatic expression.
5. Reading to answer specific questions.
6. Argumentative writing.
7. Mid term test.
8. Reading to answer specific questions.
9. Revision of BECE.
10. Revision.

Grammar

1. Direct and indirect speech.

2. Adjective and comparison of adjectives.

3. Direct and indirect speech.

4. Question tag.

5. Idioms and idiomatic expression.

6. Noun phrases and noun clauses.

7. Mid term test.

8. Adjectives and adjectival clauses.

9. Revision.

10. Revision.

Grade 8 Scheme of work

English Scheme of work
Grade 8

1. Reading to answer specific questions
2. Rhythm
3. Reading for meaning of words in a passage (in various contexts)
4. Poetry
5. The language of poetry
6. Drama - types and features
7. Midterm test/break
8. Reading to answer specific questions
9.Argumentative writing
10. Expository essay


GRAMMAR
1. Simple future and future continuous tense
2. Future perfect tense and future continuous tense
3. Comparison of adverbs and adjectives
4. Sentences
5. Active and passive sentences
6. Asking simple questions/question tag
7. Midterm test/ break
8. Direct and indirect speech
9. Phrases
10. Interjection

Scheme of work - Grade 7

English Scheme of work for Grade 7
1. Figures of speech
2. Reading for facts/punctuation
3. Poetry
4. Reading a poem
5. Reading of drama text
6. Drama types
7. Mid term test/break
8. Features of drama
9. Listening to and producing different speeches with reference to word boundary, compound word and phrases
10. Question tag

GRAMMAR
1. The past tense
2. The simple pas tense
3. The past continuous tense
4. The past perfect tense
5. The future tense
6. The simple future tense
7. Midterm test/break
8. The future continuous tense
9. Active and Passive sentences
10. The future perfect tense

English Studies - Grade 9

English Studies
Grade 9
21/5/20

Active and Passive Sentence

A) An active sentence is the sentence which subject performs an action. e.g
> The lion chased the hunter.
> My doctor prescribed.these pills.
> My mother cooked this delicacy.
> I drew the bird.
> Kingley insulted the old woman.
> Ezinne is baking my birthday cake.
> I will prepare dinner.

B) A Passive sentence is a sentence in which the subject is acted upon by the verb. e.g
> The hunter was chased by a lion.
> These pills we're prescribed by my doctor.
> This delicacy was cooked by my mother.
> The bird was drawn by me.
> The old woman was insulted by Kingsley.
> My birthday cake is being baked by Ezinne.
> Dinner will be prepared by me.

Assignment:
Change the the following sentences from active to Passive sentences.
1.) Rekia will write the letter.
2.) Eze must cut the grass.
3.) Layo must spend the money.
4.) We ought to learn French.
5.) You should write the exam.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 8

English Studies
Grade 8
21/5/20

Tenses
Simple Future tense / Future continuous Tense

1.)The simple future tense is the form of a verb that expresses an action that is yet to happen. e.g
> I will go to the clinic tomorrow.
>We shall support the project.
> Been Been wash the dirty dishes later.
> They will return the money.

NOTE: "Will" and "shall" introduce the future tense.

2.) Future continuous tense is the form of a verb that describes an action that will happen in the future and continue for an expected length of time.
e.g
1. I shall be baking your birthday cake tomorrow.
2. Grandma will be visiting us on Sunday.
3. Daddy will be driving us to City Park.

Assignment:

In the sentences given below, fill in the correct form of the simple Future tense and future continuous tense.
1.) We ---  go to Shoprite on Saturday.
2.) Mum ---- buy me a new facemask.
3.) It --- ---- ---- when she ---- home. (Rain/get)
4.) The girl --- --- --- when her mother ---(sleep/arrive).
5.) I --- --- --- by the time my father ---.(eat/return).

Good luck!
Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 7

English Studies
Grade 7
21/5/20

Figures of Speech.

A figure of speech is an expression used in a special way for specific effect, rather than it's literal meaning. e.g
1> SIMILE:- This is a figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things. e.g
1.) Junior operated the machine LIKE his father.
2.) Our king dresses LIKE a British.
3.) Uloma walks AS gracefully AS her mother.

2> Metaphor: This is a figure of speech that does not use "like" or "as" but makes direct, implied or hidden comparison. e.g Instead of saying that Martin is as dirty as a pig, metaphor will say - Martin is a pig.
Other examples
A> Her good accent is the tool with which she intimidated her mates.
B> Their marriage is a mere pretence.

3> Personification: This is a figure of speech that gives human qualities (traits) to an animal or object. e.g
1.) The trees danced as the wind blew.
2.) The moon kept smiling at us.


Assignment:
Write three examples of each of the figures of speech discussed.

Make a sentence with each of them.

Good luck!

Clara O.

English Studies - Grade 5

English Studies
Grade 5
21/5/20

Indefinite Pronoun

An indefinite Pronoun does not refer to person or thing in particular. It refers to peipeo or things in general. They include:- everything, everyone, everybody, anybody, anything, something, nothing, some, few, somebody, some, none, etc

Sentences
1.)NONE of them has done the aasassignm.
2.) MANY are called but FEW are chosen.
3.) NOBODY knows when they will return.
4.) EVERYONE is expected to attend the meeting on Monday.
5.) NOTHING matters to me now.

Assignment

Fill the blanks with appreciate indefinite pronouns.

1.) I didn't see ..... in the hall.
2.) ..... has eaten breakfast.
3.) ..... is hiding behind the counter.
4.) ..... are Ghanaians.
5.) ..... is at the door.
6.) ..... is wrong with his phone.
7.) Please don't tell .....where I've gone.
8.) Has ..... Read this paper?
9.) I need ..... to help me lift this log.
10.) ..... knows tomorrow.

Good luck!

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 4

English Studies
Grade 4
21/4/20

Analogy
Analogy is a word that shows relationship between a word and another. e.g
1) Bookis to read as Baal is to play.
2) Nut is to crack as fruit is to peel.
3) Bed is to sleep as chair is to sit.
4) Dog is to kennel as pig is to sty.
5) Finger is to hand as toe is to foot.
6) Hiss is to snake as roar is to lion.
7) Past is to present as right is to wrong.
8) December is to month as Saturday is to week.
9) Prince is to princess as heir is to heiress.
10) Letter is to word as word is to sentence.

Assignment:
Choose the correct answer from the bracket.
1) Throat is to swallow as teeth is to ...... (eat/chew)
2) Now is to present as then is to ..... (future/past)
3) Comfortable is to uncomfortable as comfort is to ..... (miscomfort/discomfort)
4) Accra is to Ghana as ..... is to Nigeria ( Abuja/Lagos)
5) Masculine is to feminine as Duke is to ..... (queen/duchess)

Good luck!

Clara O

English Studies - Studies

English Studies
Grade 9
18/5/20

Adjectives

An adjective says something about a noun or pronoun mentioned earlier. It makes the noun in question more specific.

Types of Adjectives
1.) Articles: Both the definite article - the, and the indefinite articles - a and an say something about the noun being talked about. e.g

> I have killed THE ant.
> He attended THE party.
> She needs AN apple.
> Please give her A pen. I'll pay.

2.) Descriptive adjective
A descriptive adjective mentions a physical feature of a noun or pronoun. It describes size, colour, shape, other forms of physical appearance. e.g
> Mr Uche's BEAUTIFUL daughter just got married.
> The SHORTER lady is my aunt.
> The POOR woman pleaded for help.

Assignment
Use articles and descriptive adjectives of your own in 10 sentences. Remember to highlight the adjectives.

Good luck

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 8

English Studies
Grade 8
18/5/20

Adverbials
You already know that an adverb modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb. However, an adverbial is a group of words that functions as an adverb. e.g if a group of words says something about a verb, an adjective or an adverb, we call it an adverbial. It may either be an adverbial phrase or an adverbial clause.

Adverbial phrase: A prepositional phrase can function as an adverbial when it talks about a place, time or manner. e.g
> The cake was baked IN THE MORNING.
> I read AT NIGHT.
> My son left his Bible IN THE CHURCH.
In the first sentence, "in the morning" modifies baked. "at night" modifies read in the second sentence while "in the church" modifies left.

Assignment:

Use any prepositional phrases of your own in 10 different sentences to show how they function as adverbials.

Good luck

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 7

English Studies
Grade 7
18/5/20

Verb phrase
You already know that a verb is a word that describes an action or state of being. You also know that a phrase is a group of words that forms a part of a sentence. It doesn't make sense on its own.

A verb phrase is made up of a main verb plus its auxiliary or helping verb(s). e.g
> She is washing the dirty dishes.
> They are watching cartoons.
> I am cooking jollof rice.
> They have traveled.
> My mom isn't going to her shop today.

Assignment:

Identify the verb phrase in the sentences below.

1.) She has been fasting.
2.) I may arrive there before you.
3.) Junior cannot ascend the stairs without assistance.
4.) You would have finished sweeping if you had started immediately.
5.) They have been indoors.

Good luck.

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 5

English Studies
Grade 5
18/520

Relative Pronoun
A relative Pronoun refers to a noun mentioned earlier in a sentence. e.g

The woman who waved at us is my aunt.
Notice that the relative Pronoun WHO refers to the the noun - WOMAN which was mentioned earlier in the sentence.
Other examples of relative Pronoun:
1.) I've seen the dog WHICH almost bit Okey.
2.) The man WHOSE daughter was missing is a police officer.
3.) She has blessed the kids WHOM she
cursed earlier.
I lost the pen THAT mom bought for me yesterday.

Assignment:
Identify the relative Pronoun in each of the following sentences and mention the noun they refer to.
1.) This is the lady whose phone was snatched.
2.) The mathset which I found yesterday belongs to my sister.
3.) The chair which you reserved for me has a broken leg.
4.) Did I tell you about the lady whom I helped?
5.) The kid that Uche's dog bit is in the hospital.

Good luck.

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 4

English Studies
Grade 4
18/5/20

Forming plural countable nouns

To form the plural of nouns that end in -y, replace y with ies if a consonant comes before it. e.g
Baby - babies
Lady - ladies
Party - parties
Body - bodies

Add s to the singular noun to form an its plural if the a vowel letter comes before the -y that ends the word. e.g
Monkey - monkeys
Key - keys
Ray - Rays
Day -days
Boy - boys

Assignment
Write the plural form of the following nouns.
Cherry, belly, journey, berry, toy, pony.



Good luck!

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 9 Flora

English Studies

Grade 9 Flora

14/5/20

Register

Choose the most suitable words from the list below to complete the gap this passage.

Every..1...instituttiin should have a library. In fact, the library is the...2...of a school. Every library has a...3..who oversees it affairs. The library is often divided into....4... I like to visit the..5... section where I can study encyclopedias and dictionaries, which...6..are not allowed to take it off the library.

The serial section contains..7... such as newspapers, magazines and journals. You have to..8... with the library to enjoy its...9... services. And..10...card will be issued to you.

1. A- library  B- educational  C- institutional  D primary

2. A- liver  B- kidney  C- heart  D- eye

3. A- librarian  B- agrarian  C- book keeper  D- Booker

4. A- divisions  B- sections  C- councels  D- parts

5. A- inference  B- seriel  C- lending  D- reference

6. A- borrowers  B- borower  C- throwers  D- lenders

7. A- tropicals  B- periodicals  C- books  D- booklets

8. A- presents  B- identify  C- register  D- resent

9. A- lending B- borrowing  C- eating  D- reading

10. A- recognition  B- identification  C- beautification  D- action

Good luck.

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 9

English Studies

Grade 9

11/5/20

Register

The term register refers to the particular style or choice of words peculiar to specific professions or purposes.

WORD FOCUS

Study the following register of health and hospital

Nurse,doc doctor, ache, acute, malignant, benign, allergy/allergic, amnesia, amputation/amputate, anaemia/anaemic, antibiotic, antidepressant, bedsore, biopsy, blood count, breech, hydrate, dehydrate, diagnosis, emergency, fatal, influenza, genetic, immune, incision, inflammation, itchy, numb.

Exercises:

In the passage below, the numbered gaps indicate missing words. For each gap, choose the most appropriate word offered. 

Malaria is a serious - 1 - that relapses in human. It is characterised by periodic - 2- of chills and - 3 -. Malaria is caused by a one-celled group of  - 4 - known as plasmodium which is - 5 - to human through the female anopheles - 6 - bites. Malaria is common in the tropics.

A class of drugs known as  - 7 - is used to - 8 - malaria. Among them, chloroquine used to be most - 9 -. However, because of the appearance of  - 10 - trains of malaria, a more potent class of drugs has been developed. 

1. infection   infectious  ailment  sickness

2. Short  attacks  punches  blows

3. Sneezing  yawning  fever shakes

4. Parasite  diseases  insects parasites

5. Transmitted transmited  transfered  transferred 

6. Insect  mosquito  spider  housefly

7. Promalarials  antimosquitoes  antimalarials antemalarials

8. Treats  Reduce  decrease  capture

9. Shocking  effective  defective  invisible

10. Drug induced  drug abused  drug resistant  drug misused 

Good luck

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 8

English Studies

Grade 8

11/5/20

Register

Register refers to the specific and appropriate terms used for different areas or fields. In other words, it means the vocabulary used for specific purposes. eg. When you talk about farm and farming, the following words are appropriate > clearing, tilling, cultivation, nursery, preplant, postplantning, weeding, muclch, seedlings, feed, irrigation, etc.

WORD FOCUS

Learn the meaning of the following words for road and transport. It can be called register of road and transport.

Traffic, intersection, automobile, motorist, pedestrian, box junction, gridlock, zebra crossing, bypass, cab, carriageway, crossroad, dead end, footpath, overpass, underpass, U-turn.

Assignment

Write out the meaning of the words you've studied.

Good luck

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 7

English Studies
Grade 7
11/5/20

Registe: This area of study equips students with the vocabulary of specific fields or areas of human endeavours. e.g - At home, we use the following term > father, mother, brother, sister, sitting room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, bath, cook, eat, sleep, etc

In school, we use the following terms:
Proprietor/proprietress, head teacher, teachers, supervisors, pupils, students, prefects, assembly, playground, library, laboratory, practicals, assignment, hall, test, quiz, exam, PTA, etc

Assignment
Write out the following passage, choosing the best words from the list of words below to fill in the blanks.

Patients  diagnosed  delivered  pharmacy  examined  maternity  pain-killer  stethoscope  admitted  prescribed  thermometer  complained  pulse rate

I was at Victory Hospital yesterday to visit my elder sister. She was - 1- to the hospital'' - 2 - ward. She had been pregnant for more than eight months and so she was ready to be - 3 - of her first baby.

A nurse held her wrist to measure her - 4 -  . The nurse put a - 5 - in her armpit to measure the temperature.

The doctor arrived. He wore a white coat and had a - 6 - around his neck. He asked my sister some questions and - 7 - her body. A lung infection was - 8 - So the doctor - 9 - an antibiotic to take care of the infection. Since she - 10 - of headache and pains, a - 11 - was also prescribed. I quickly went to the - 12 - beside the x-ray unit to buy the drugs. I met many - 13 - waiting to obtain their drugs.

Good luck

Clara O

English Studies - Grade 5

English Studies
Grade 5
11/5/20

Pronouns
A pronoun is a word used to replace a noun mentioned earlier in order avoid rrpeatire it unncessarily.

Types of pronouns
1. Personal pronoun: A personal pronoun replaces the actual name of a person. e.g
1. Ike is my brother's friend.
> He is my brother's friend.
2. Ebele has returned the book to Uche.
> He has returned it to him.
3. Amaka bought this pen for Amara.
> She brought it for her.
4. Ola and I may visit Cheta and Vera.
> We may may visit them.
5. Cheta and Vera called Ola and me earlier.
> They called us earlier.

Note: Personal pronouns refer to specific people or things by showing the speaker (first person), listener (second person) or person(s) being referred to (third person).
First person singular - I and me
First person plural - we and us
Second person singular - you
Second person plural - you
Third person singular - he, she, it
Third person plural - they, them

Sentences:

1st person

>I like cherries.
>The cherry is for me
>We have learnt it.
> Mum promised us cake.

2nd person singular/plural (listener)  - you

Note: The second person pronoun - you is usually omitted when it is the subject. So instead of saying - You come here, we say - come here.

3rd person (singular) - Subject (he, she, it)

> He called me.

> She hasn't returned.

3rd person plural > they

They have all gone.

Assignment

Underline the appropriate form of the pronoun.

1. (She/her told I/meq) to return your book.

2. Is (he/him) going home with (they/them)?

3. What is (he/him) talking about?

4. What's the matter with (he/him)? (He/Him) has been shouting at (they/them)

5. (I/me) will release (you/your) when you tell (me/I) the truth.

Good luck

Clara 

Grade 4 English Studies

English STUDIES

Grade 4

11/5/20

Vocabulary Development

Antonyms 

An Antony is a word that means the opposite or is nearly opposite in meaning to another word. e.g. Motorist and pedestrian are antonyms.

A good knowledge of antonyms can strengthen our writing ability. eg. Instead of saying - She's not strong, we can simply say - She's weak.

Now study the following antonyms

Proud - humble
Giant - dwarf
Witch - wizard
Punish - pardon
Initial - final
Active - passive
Minimum - maximum
Most - least
Interesting - boring
Push - pull

Sentence/alternative

1a) If you want to avoid School mummy's punishment, go to school early.
1b) If you want to avoid School mummy's punishment, don't be late to school.
2a) The students Who apologized were pardoned.
2b) The students who failed to apologise were punished.

Assignment

Using appropriate antonyms of the underlined words, rewrite each of the following sentences.

1) She missed the first lesson because she was not punctual.
2) That's a rumour. He's not dead.
3) Is it easy to kill a snake?
4) Mr. Jones' lesson wasn't boring.
5) The little boy was destructive.

Good luck

Clara O

English Studies
Grade 8
8/5/20

Adverbs

An adverb is a word that describes a verb, an adjective or another adverb. It makes the meaning of the word it modifies(describes) more specific.

They do this by answering the questions - how?, when?, where?, and to what extent?

Note: the suffix -ly usually signals that a word is an adverb. Such adverbs answer the question - how and they are called, adverbs of manner. eg

1) She mopped the classroom thoroughly.
2) He has carefully done it.
3)We did it hastily.
4) She sang melodiously.

In the sentences above, thoroughly explains HOW the classroom was mopped.

In sentence 2, carefully explains HOW he did it.
In sentence 3, hastily explained HOW we did it.
In sentence 4, melodiously explains HOW she sang the song.
Note: When an adverb answers the question - how?, it modifies a verb.


An averb of time answers the question WHEN? e.g
1) Send it to them now.
2) I saw him yesterday.
3) I will call you later.

Note: NOW in sentence 1 modifies the verb - send.

In sentence 2, YESTERDAY modifies - saw.

In sentence 3, LATER modifies 'will call'.

Adverbs of place

An averb of place describes the location where the action of a verb takes place.
1) Bring it HERE
2) Her house is NEARBY.
3) They headed EASTWARDS.

An adverb of degree answers the question - to what degree? It usually modifies an adjective. e.g

1) The tea is VERY hot.
2) She is Too weak  to stand.

Assignment

Identify the adverb in each sentence and write the word they modify.

1) Diamonds are very valuable stones.
2)  They have always been prized as gems.
3) Diamonds are used for practical purposes here.
4) One spacecraft was handsomely equipped with a diamond window.


Good luck

Clara O

English Studies
Grade 7
8/5/20

Phrases

A phrase is a group of two or more words that forms a part of a sentence. Phrases lack finite verbs.

Types of phrases:
1) Noun phrase: A noun phrase is a group of words containing a noun and functions as a subject, an object of a verb or the object of a preposition. eg

A>Noun phrase as a subject
1) The boy just left.
2) That little girl is smart.
3) All the Grade 7 students are present.
4) The entire world is in fear.

THE BOY is the subject of the very - left.
THAT LITTLE GIRL is the subject of the verb - is
ALL THE GRADE 7 STUDENTS is the subject of the verb - are
THE ENTIRE WORD is the subject of the verb - is.

B>Noun phrase as an object of a verb.
1) She hasn't returned the novel.
2) Ekene scored the second goal.
3) Ginika reported the noise makers.
4) I have fed the baby.

THE NOVEL is the object of the verb - returned
THE SECOND GOAL is the object of the verb - scored.
THE NOISE MAKERS is the object of the verb - reported .
THE BABY is the object of the verb - fed.

C>Noun phrase as an object of a preposition

1) I gave it to your sister.
2) The lizard fell into the pail.
3) I found the math set in his bag.
4) Send the money to his younger brother.

YOUR SISTER is the object of the preposition - to
THE PAIL is the object of the preposition - into
HIS BAG is the object of the preposition - in
HIS YOUNGER BROTHER is the object of the preposition - to

Assignment

What is the function of the underlined noun phrase.
1) The women refused to eat.
2) I left the cake for the girls.
3) These things were recovered from  the criminals.
4) We intend to visit our friends tomorrow.
5) Return all the specimen to the lab.

Good luck

Clara O

English Studies
Grade 5
7/5/20

Nominalization:

This is the formation of nouns from other words especially verbs and adjectives. e.g

1) Forming nouns from verbs
a) move - movement
b) refuse - refusal
c) admire - admiration
d) judge - judgement
e) investigate - investigation
f) develop - development
g) protect - protection
h) react - reaction

2) Forming nouns from adjectives
a) happy - happiness
b) important - importance
c) difficult - difficulty

Assignment

Form a noun with each of the following words
Weak
Sad
Ugly
Deep
Million
Fit
High
Strong
Grow
Wide

Good luck

Clara O

English Studies
Grade 4
7/5/20

Apostrophe (')

The apostrophe is a punctuation mark which is used to indicate possession and contraction.

1. Possession apostrophe:- We use possession apostrophe to show that something/some things belong to some one or some people. It goes with letter s

Note: When the possessor is a singular noun or plural irregular noun, the apostrophe comes before s. e.g

A) The car of my father = my father's car.
B) The house of my uncle = my uncle's house.
C) The shop of her mother = her mother's shop.
D) Room for men = men's room
E) Bible for Children = children's Bible

However, the apostrophe comes after s if the noun is plural and regular. e.g.

A) The day of mothers = mothers' day
B) Day of worker = workers' day
C) Salary of teachers = teachers' salary

2) Contraction apostrophe:- This is used to show shortened version of some expressions. In other words, it is called contraction. e.g
A) Cannot = can't
B) Could not = couldn't
C) Will not = won't
D)They will = they'll
E) They have = they've


ASSIGNMENT

Write the longer forms of the following
1) It's
2) ain't
3) shan't
4) we're
5 I'll

Following the given example, rewrite the following.

The book of Ikechi = Ikechi's book
1) The branches of the trees
2) The office of the teachers
3) The toys of the girl.


Good luck

Clara O

Grade 9

English Studies
Grade 9
4/5/20

PRONOUNS

A pronoun is a word used to replace a noun has earlier been mentioned or referred to in a sentence. What this means is that a pronoun is placed where a noun would have been. This is done to avoid unnecessary repetition of the noun in a sentence which makes reading boring.

Types of pronoun:-

1. Personal pronoun: A personal pronoun replaces the actual name of a person or thing. The following are personal pronouns - I, we, he, she, you, they, it, me, us, him, her, them.

Cases of personal pronouns
By case we means the function they perform.

1. Subjective/nominal case:

The subjective or nominal case refers to the pronoun which functions as the subject. The subject is the pronoun that the sentence is about. Let's look at the following examples.

N/B: Remember that a personal pronoun replaces a real name.

A. Ike is generous. (Ike...name)
B. He is generous. (He...p.pronoun)

A. Nneka is cooking.
B. She is cooking.

A. Joy and I just came back.
B. We just came back .

A. Uche come back here.
B. You come back here.

A. Clara owe you a favour.
B. I owe you a favour.

A. The dog is quite aggressive.
B. It is quite aggressive.

2. Objective case:  The subjective pronoun receives the action of the verb. e.g
A. Mother bought the cake for Clara.
B. Mother bought the cake for me.

A. Will you invite Ike?
B. Will you invite him?

A. I'll give Nneka some cake.
B. I'll give her some cake.


Assignment

Write the personal pronoun that correctly completes each sentence.
1. My brother and (I/me) are just learning to play chess.

2. Uncle Jude gave Zita and (I/me) a book on how to play chess.

3. Chess is my favourite game. What's (yours/your')?

4. Udo is more prayerful than (I/me).

Good luck.

Clara O

Grade 8

English Studies
Grade 8
4/5/20

Adjective

An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or a pronoun. In other words, an adjective gives us extra information about a noun or pronoun. e.g
1. Udoka is brilliant.
2. The yellow cap is mine.
In sentence 1, brilliant tells us something about the noun - Udoka.
Yellow tells us that the colour of particular cap meant.

Types of Adjective

1. Descriptive adjectives: A descriptive adjective describes the texture, appearance, shape, etc of a noun/pronoun. e.g
(a) That tall boy is my cousin.
(b) That beautiful woman over there bought me lunch yesterday.
Other examples of descriptive adjectives are - stingy, naughty, respectful, studious, cheerful, helpful, honest, generous, kind, ugly, etc.

2. Interrogative adjective: An interrogative adjective is used to ask questions. e.g
(a) Who brought this?
(b) Whose dictionary is that?
(c) Which quiz did you miss?

3. Demonstrative adjectives: A demonstrative adjective demonstrates the position of a noun or a pronoun. They are - this, these, that, and those.

Clara O

Assignment 👇

1. Give five examples of each type of the adjectives discussed above.
2. Study possessive adjective and give 5 examples in sentences.

Good luck

Clara O

Grade 7

English Studies
Grade 7
4/5/20

Determiners

Determiners are words that introduce nouns. They always come before, but NEVER after nouns. If the noun has a modifier, the determiners will also come before it. e.g
1.I saw a cockroach in the box.
2. The boys just arrived.
3. A brown cat is missing.
4. Some teachers are already in the hall.
5. Only few students are there.
6. Most of them are not here.
7. Every child deserves formal education.
8. An apple everyday keeps you away from the doctor.
9. She brought several oranges from the farm.
10. Most students are not aware of the online tutorials.
11. This platform is quite informative.
12. That old man is quite strong.
Note that the articles  - a, an, and the are all determiners. thanks for
Remember also that a and an are indefinite articles while the is a definite article. The is called a definite article because it introduces a noun known by both the speaker/writer and the listener /reader. e.g Mom gave it to the beggar.
The clinic is opposite The King' Place, New Haven.

On the other hand, the indefinite articles - a and an introduce non specific nouns. This means that they don't introduce nouns in particular. e.g

1. Please give me a bottle of coke. Here, any bottle of coke can serve the purpose because non is mentioned in particular.

2. An orange will do.

The demonstrative adjectives - this and that are also determiners because they also introduce nouns. eg
1. This place is noisy.
2. That novel is very interesting.

Clara O

Assignment 👇


I dentify all the determiners in the text below.

She threw him a frown and shook her head as if he was a spoilt boy. She went back the way she she had come without another word. The two of them left on the boat, let some time go by before Jimmy finally spoke and tried to recover the situation.

Look, I'm not here for any reason other than ask questions about this case.

Good luck.

Clara O

Grade 5

English Studies
Grade 5
4/5/20

Affixation
Affixation is a process of adding a word, letter or letters(affix) to a root word to change its meaning.

Types of affixes:-
1. Prefix: This is an affix added at the beginning of a root word. e.g

Affix       root word   new word
be              come        = become
re               move      = remove
per             take         = pertake
in                put          = input
pre              tend       = pretend

2. Suffix: This is an affix that is added at the end of a word. e.g

root word      affix       new word
birth               day         birthday
kind                ness       kindness
teach               able       teachable
danger            ous        dangerous
report             er           reporter

Clara O

Assignment👇

Use each of the affixes below to form a word. Indicate whether it is prefix or suffix. Show your work

in, ty, ness, ly pre, under, re, be, able, ful

Clara O
Good luck





Vocabulary

Homophones
Homophones are words that sound alike but have different spellings and meanings. e.g

week/weak

dye/die

right/write

scene/seen

buy/bye/by

aloud/allowed

made/maid

ant/aunt

you/ewe

two/too

Clara O
Good luck.


Assignment 👇

Find a homophone of each of the following.
haul, principal, sauce, tale, board, through, eye, see, red, rain

Grade 4

ENGLISH STUDIES
CLASS: GRADE 4
DATE:   4/5/20

Types of noun.

There are three (3) basic types of nouns. They are:-
Proper nouns, common nouns and collective nouns.

A proper noun is a particular name given to a person, place or thing. In other words, it a SPECIFIC name given to an entity. e.g
1. Ifeoma is my friend.
2.Mr. Agu is my Mathematics teacher.
3. Nneka was the only one in the hall.
4. I bought the juice for Amara.
5. He promised to take us to Bar Beach.

Note: All the names of the the days of the week, the months of the year, Rivers oceans, hills, mountains are proper nouns and they begin with capital letters no matter their position in a sentence.

Common nouns
A common noun is a GENERAL name given to members of a category. ie it names people or things in general.

1.My mother is a nurse.
2. The doctors just left.
3. What's keeping the chef?
4. The car is parked outside the compound.

Collective noun
A collective noun is a name that group common nouns of the same class. eg.
Flock of sheep
Fleet of cars
Galaxy of stars
Bevy of ladies
Board of directors/governors
Forest of trees


Clara O
Assignment 👇

Group the following nouns according to their types

Colony, Unique Kids Academy, Rita, book, country, torch, library, gang, staff, November

Grade 4
4/5/20
Vocabulary

Homes of animals

Animal                                Home
Ant                                        hill
Horse                                    stable
Bear/lion                               den
Bee                                         hive
Bird                                        nest


Assignment 👇

Where do the following animals live?

Snake, cow, goat, pig, spider,termite,fox,dog, rabbit.


New words.
Study the words below and make a sentence with each of them.

Lament, agony, commuter, emerge, gridlock


Clara O
Good luck

Speaking Skill

Greetings from Clara.

The biggest communication challenge we face is EXPRESSION. Sometimes we say what we don't mean. And this is done in error. 

A person who says:

* "Get me my phone so that I can flash         him". has not said what he wished           to  say. Flash is also wrongly used             in the following sentences

* Flash we when you're ready so that I can come over.

*Justin never  calls me. He's always flashing me.

Note: The word 'flash means... to cause to show llight or to illuminate briefly.

On the other hand, beep means a brief sound, especially the one made by an electronic gadget. To change the sentences above to grammatically correct sentences, we replace flash with beep.

Beep me when you are ready so that I can come over.

Justin never calls me. He is always beeping me.

Learn the rules, practice good speech everyday, speak with confident . 

Your hostess has been Clara

Using the word "upper"appropriately in sentences (English language)

 Studies
Grade 9
8/5/20

Grammatical errors/corrections

Look at the following sentences

I'll visit her upper week.

*The entrance exam will be written upper Monday.

*My mom will come to the city upper Sunday.

*Lilian's skill acquisition lessons will begin on the upper Wednesday.

You understand what they mean?
Do you also say similar things?

Well, the above sentences are incorrect.

The word "upper" means something that is above something. It suggests that something is physically higher in position than another. It is therefore ungrammatical to say: upper week, month, etc.


The appropriate thing to say is:
the week after next...

The Monday after next...

The Sunday after next... etc

You can also say:

*...in two weeks' time.

*...in two days' time. etc


The sentences above should therefore read:

I'll visit her in two weeks' time.

The entrance exam will be written on the Monday after next.

My mom will come to the city on the Monday after next.

Lilian's skill acquisition lessons will begin on the Wednesday after next.

Assignment
Correct the following sentences

1) WAEC will start upper week.
2) The exam has been postponed to upper Monday.
3) My class will go for an excursion upper month.
4) We will write the quiz upper Tuesday.

Good luck

Clara O

How to use the word "news"(English Grammar)

Greetings my beloved friends, this is Clara welcoming you to this platform.

I'm going to discuss how the word "news"is used.

Do you sometimes hear people make sentences like the following? :

I have a good news for you.

That's a good news.

Is that what you call a good news? And so on.

Do the above expressions seem grammatically correct?

They are NOT correct.

News actually means something or things you did not know before. It means report of current events. It cannot be counted. It is therefore ungrammatical to say...a news. So instead of using the sentences above, use the following:

I have good news for you.

That's good news.



Is that what you call good news?

Please drop your comments.

Thanks

Grammatical error and correction

Hello friends,
Greetings to you from Clara.

Today instead of discussing the rules of grammar, I will give correction to a grammatical error.

Many a time I hear people say, "Say it to my hearing". Does the sentence seem correct? Well, it's not.


The appropriate thing to say is "Say it in my hearing"

Let's practice saying the following

1. Say it in my hearing.

2. Did he say such a nasty thing in your hearing?

3. I said it in their hearing.

4. He said it in our hearing


Please never say:

Say it to my hearing.

Did he say such a nasty thing to your hearing?

I said it to their hearing.

He said it to our hearing.

Exercises on rule 1

Fill in the blank spaces with the correct form of the verbs in the brackets.

1. Stan ----- regularly.(swim)


2. Getrude ----- cartoons a lot.(watch)


3. My elder brother ---- not go to school      everyday.(do)



4. Little Ephraim ----- an apple every            night.(eat)


5. My dad ----- better than my mum.            (cook)

Grammatical Concord

Do you sometimes wonder why many Nigerian candidates do not perform excellently in English exams? Does it surprise you that even when you are confident that you will do well in the exam, the result makes you feel that something  has gone wrong?
  Many factors contribute to it. The English language, just like every other language is unique. To use the language effectively, you must have an in-depth knowledge of the grammar of the language. What this means is that you MUST NOT allow the grammar of your native language to interfere with your use of the English language. To be able to do this, you must know the rules of Concord. The Concord I mean here is"grammatical Concord". This refers to the agreement between the subject and verb of a sentence. (Remember that the subject can be noun (s)/pronoun (s)/noun phrase/noun clause). Example
1. Jerry jogs every morning. This can also be written as:
*The boy jogs every morning. It can as well be rewritten as
** He jogs every morning.

Notice that the subject "the boy" is singular. The verb - 'jogs' is also singular.

Note that while the singular subject does not end with s, the singular verb does.

     Other examples
2. My mother cooks delicious meals.

3. Jordan enjoys riding.